张学良，潘婷|中国式现代化背景下的中国乡镇实践与发展路径探析

重庆大学学报社科版

学者介绍

张学良,上海财经大学讲席教授,长三角与长江经济带发展研究院执行院长。

基金项目

上海市教育委员会2023年度科研创新计划重大项目(2023SKZD14);

上海财经大学研究生创新基金项目(CXJJ-2022-428)

引用本文

张学良,潘婷. 中国式现代化背景下的中国乡镇实践与发展路径探析[J]. 重庆大学学报(社会科学版), 2024(1):1-17. Doi: 10. 11835/ j. issn. 1008-5831. jg. 2024. 01. 001.

关键词

乡镇;中国式现代化;发展路径;城镇化;乡村振兴

township；

Chinese path to modernization；development path；urbanization；

rural revitalization

学术精要

党的二十大报告指出,我国已经成功推进和拓展了中国式现代化。乡镇作为中国城镇体系中最基本的地域综合体,其发展逐渐以满足人民生活为立足点,在中国现代化进程中展开了深刻的实践。中国式现代化的发展目标给全面推进中国乡镇发展提出了新要求和新挑战,全力推进乡镇的中国式现代化发展,必须认清中国乡镇在新时代发展中的地位,深入分析中国乡镇在整个现代化进程中的发展特征和现实基础,以探寻乡镇实现现代化发展的新路径。基于此,文章提出乡镇现代化是推进中国式现代化的基础组成,乡镇是建设新型城镇化的重要载体,是促进城乡融合的重要支撑,是实现乡村振兴的战略引擎。进一步,文章从乡镇的历史发展和现实条件出发,论述了乡镇在经济活动发展区、人口流动集聚区、历史文化传承区和宜居生活典范区建设上具有坚实的基础。在经济发展上,近代以来乡镇经济活动功能已初具雏形,乡镇企业的兴起促进了乡镇工业的发展,继而推动乡镇承担更多的经济活动;在人口流动上,城—镇—乡之间的人口流动更加频繁,随着乡村振兴和镇的发展,乡镇对流动人口的吸引力不断增强,乡镇的人口集聚作用更加突出;在历史文化上,名镇、名村承载着不同历史时期的文化价值, 从中国历史文化名镇到中国特色景观旅游名镇,体现出乡镇对历史文化的传承和特色景观的营造;在宜居生活上,建设美丽宜居乡镇是建设美丽中国的重要组成部分,乡镇在产业体系培育、基础设施建设、公共服务配套、生态环境治理上都取得了一定的成效。针对中国乡镇发展的现实基础,文章提出推动中国乡镇现代化发展的路径和举措。在坚持城镇化和农业农村现代化的基础上,要从“四高理念”出发做实中国乡镇现代化发展的基础,以扩大对外开放,实现高水平开放;以促进经济要素活力,助力高质量发展;以提升公共服务质量,打造高品质生活;以创新社会治理模式,探索高效能治理,以期为全面提升中国乡镇现代化发展质量、制定精准的乡镇发展政策提供决策参考。

The report of the 20th National Congress of the CPC points out that China has successfully promoted and expanded the Chinese modernization. As the basic regional complex in China's urban system the development of townships has gradually taken the satisfaction of people's life as a foothold and has carried out profound practice in the process of China's modernization. The development goal of Chinese modernization puts forward new requirements and challenges for comprehensively promoting the development of Chinese townships. To fully promote the development of Chinese townships it is necessary for Chinese townships to recognize the position in the development of the new era analyze the development characteristics and realistic basis in the whole modernization process and explore the new path of realizing modernization development. Based on this the article proposes that townships modernization is the basic component of promoting Chinese modernization and townships is an important carrier of constructing new-type urbanization an important support for promoting urban-rural integration and a strategic engine for realizing rural revitalization. Further from the historical development and realistic conditions of townships the paper discusses that townships have a solid foundation in the construction of economic activity development area population flow gathering area historical and cultural inheritance area and livable life model area. In terms of economic development the function of township economic activities has begun to take shape in modern times. The rise of township enterprises has promoted the development of township industry and then promoted township to undertake more economic activities. In terms of population flow the population flow between city town and countryside is more frequent. With the revitalization of rural areas and the development of towns the attraction of towns to the floating population is increasing and the population agglomeration function is more prominent. In terms of history and culture famous towns and villages carry the cultural values of different historical periods. From the famous town of Chinese history and culture to the famous town of Chinese characteristic landscape tourism it reflects the inheritance of history and culture and the construction of characteristic landscape. In terms of livable life building beautiful livable townships is an important part of building a beautiful China and townships have achieved certain results in the cultivation of industrial systems infrastructure construction supporting public services and ecological environment management. In view of the practical basis of China's townships development the paper puts forward the path and measures to promote the modernization of China's townships development. On the basis of adhering to urbanization and agricultural and rural modernization we should start from the "four high concepts" to consolidate the foundation of China's township modernization development to open wider to the outside world and achieve a high level of opening up to promote the vitality of economic factors and promote high-quality development to improve the quality of public services and create a high quality of life and to innovate social governance models and explore efficient governance. It is expected to provide decision-making reference for comprehensively improving the quality of China's townships modernization development and formulating accurate townships development policies.

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